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Isolation Table

A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (see Creutzfeld-Jacob disease, CJD, vCJD)
Condition	Isolation	Duration of Isolation	Comment

Trench mouth (Vincent’s angina)
Condition	Isolation	Duration of Isolation	Comment
	Standard

Trichinosis (Trichinella)
Condition	Isolation	Duration of Isolation	Comment
	Standard

Trichomoniasis (Trichomonas vaginalis)
Condition	Isolation	Duration of Isolation	Comment
	Standard

Trichuriasis (whipworm) (Trichuris trichiura)
Condition	Isolation	Duration of Isolation	Comment
	Standard

Tuberculosis
Condition	Isolation	Duration of Isolation	Comment
Extrapulmonary, draining lesions (including scrofula)	Airborne Contact Standard		Discontinue isolation only when patient is improving clinically, and drainage has ceased or there are three consecutive negative cultures of continued drainage. Examine for evidence of active pulmonary tuberculosis.
Extrapulmonary, meningitis	Standard		*Patient should be examined for evidence of current (active) pulmonary tuberculosis. If evidence exists, additional isolations are necessary
Skin-test (PPD) or interferon gamma release assay (e.g., QuaniFEron) positive with no evidence of active pulmonary disease	Standard
Pulmonary (suspected or confirmed) OR laryngeal disease	Airborne	AFB smear positive: Min 14d tx and meets discontinuation criteria AFB smear neg, high suspicion and started on therapy: Min 5d tx and meets discontinuation critera; AFB smear neg, low suspicion and not on therapy: meets discontinuation criteria	Collect 3 separate AFB sputum obtained at 8-12 hr intervals (at least 1 specimen must be in early AM). See 1. https://infectioncontrol.ucsfmedicalcenter.org/tb-algorithm 2. Environment of Care Manual for Aerosol Transmissible Disease Exposure Control Plan. Discuss with HEIP before discontinuing airborne isolation AFB smear-positive: • 14 days of anti-TB treatment AND • AFB smear negative x 3 AND • Clinically improving AFB smear-negative: • At least 5 days of anti-TB treatment AND • Clinically improving High risk for MDR TB and either AFB smear-negative or smear-positive: • Discuss with HEIP

Tularemia
Condition	Isolation	Duration of Isolation	Comment
Draining lesion	Standard		Provided draining lesions can be adequately covered/contained
Pulmonary	Standard		Provided draining lesions can be adequately covered/contained

Typhoid (Salmonella typhi) fever
Condition	Isolation	Duration of Isolation	Comment
			See gastroenteritis

Typhus
Condition	Isolation	Duration of Isolation	Comment
endemic and epidemic (Rickettsia sp.)	Standard

Upper Respiratory Infection of unknown etiology
Condition	Isolation	Duration of Isolation	Comment
When clinical syndrome suspected and/or no organism identified on further testing	Contact Droplet	duration of illness or until specific pathogen is known	Initiate isolation when test is ordered to rule out viral pathogens.

Urinary tract infection (including pyelonephritis), with or without urinary catheter
Condition	Isolation	Duration of Isolation	Comment
	Standard

Vaccinia
Condition	Isolation	Duration of Isolation	Comment
Vaccinia Vaccination site care (including autoinoculated areas)	Standard		Only vaccinated HCPs may have contact with active vaccination sites and care for persons with adverse vaccinia events; if unvaccinated, only HCPs without contraindications to vaccine may provide care. Vaccination recommended for vaccinators; for newly vaccinated HCWs: semi-permeable dressing over gauze until scab separates, with dressing change as fluid accumulates, ~3-5 days; gloves, hand hygiene for dressing change; vaccinated HCW or HCW without contraindication to vaccine for dressing changes.

Vaccinia (Adverse events following vaccination)
Condition	Isolation	Duration of Isolation	Comment
Eczema vaccinatum	Contact Standard	Until lesions dry and crusted, scabs separated	For Contact + Standard with virus-containing lesions and exudative material.
Fetal vaccinia	Contact Standard	Until lesions dry and crusted, scabs separated	For Contact + Standard with virus-containing lesions and exudative material.
Generalized vaccinia	Contact Standard	Until lesions dry and crusted, scabs separated	For Contact + Standard with virus-containing lesions and exudative material.
Progressive vaccinia	Contact Standard	Until lesions dry and crusted, scabs separated	For Contact + Standard with virus-containing lesions and exudative material.
Postvaccinia encephalitis	Contact Standard	Until lesions dry and crusted, scabs separated
Blepharitis or conjunctivitis	Standard		Use Contact + Standard Precautions if there is copious drainage.
Iritis or keratitis	Contact Standard
Vaccinia-associated erythema multiforme (Stevens Johnson Syndrome)	Standard		Not an infectious condition
Secondary bacterial infection (e.g., S. aureus, group A beta hemolytic Streptococcus)	Standard		Follow organism-specific (strep, staph most frequent) recommendations and consider magnitude of drainage.

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