Isolation Table

A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
All
Trichomoniasis (Trichomonas vaginalis)
Condition Isolation Duration of Isolation Comment
Trichuriasis (whipworm) (Trichuris trichiura)
Condition Isolation Duration of Isolation Comment
Tuberculosis
Condition Isolation Duration of Isolation Comment
Extrapulmonary, draining lesions (including scrofula)

Discontinue isolation only when patient is improving clinically, and drainage has ceased or there are three consecutive negative cultures of continued drainage. Examine for evidence of active pulmonary tuberculosis.
Extrapulmonary, meningitis

*Patient should be examined for evidence of current (active) pulmonary tuberculosis. If evidence exists, additional isolations are necessary
Skin-test (PPD) or interferon gamma release assay (e.g., QuaniFEron) positive with no evidence of active pulmonary disease
Pulmonary (suspected or confirmed) OR laryngeal disease

AFB smear positive:
Min 14d tx and meets discontinuation criteria
AFB smear neg, high suspicion and started on therapy:
Min 5d tx and meets discontinuation critera;
AFB smear neg, low suspicion and not on therapy:
meets discontinuation criteria

Collect 3 separate AFB sputum obtained at 8-12 hr intervals (at least 1 specimen must be in early AM).  See
1. https://infectioncontrol.ucsfmedicalcenter.org/tb-algorithm
2. Environment of Care Manual for Aerosol Transmissible Disease Exposure Control Plan.

Discuss with HEIP before discontinuing airborne isolation

AFB smear-positive:
• 14 days of anti-TB treatment AND
• AFB smear negative x 3 AND
• Clinically improving 

AFB smear-negative:
• At least 5 days of anti-TB treatment AND
• Clinically improving

High risk for MDR TB and either AFB smear-negative or smear-positive:
• Discuss with HEIP 
Tularemia
Condition Isolation Duration of Isolation Comment
Draining lesion

Provided draining lesions can be adequately covered/contained
Pulmonary

Provided draining lesions can be adequately covered/contained
Typhoid (Salmonella typhi) fever
Condition Isolation Duration of Isolation Comment

See gastroenteritis
Typhus
Condition Isolation Duration of Isolation Comment
endemic and epidemic (Rickettsia sp.)
Upper Respiratory Infection of unknown etiology
Condition Isolation Duration of Isolation Comment
When clinical syndrome suspected and/or no organism identified on further testing

duration of illness or until specific pathogen is known

Initiate isolation when test is ordered to rule out viral pathogens.
Urinary tract infection (including pyelonephritis), with or without urinary catheter
Condition Isolation Duration of Isolation Comment
Vaccinia
Condition Isolation Duration of Isolation Comment
Vaccinia Vaccination site care (including autoinoculated areas)

Only vaccinated HCPs may have contact with active vaccination sites and care for persons with adverse vaccinia events; if unvaccinated, only HCPs without contraindications to vaccine may provide care.

Vaccination recommended for vaccinators; for newly vaccinated HCWs: semi-permeable dressing over gauze until scab separates, with dressing change as fluid accumulates, ~3-5 days; gloves, hand hygiene for dressing change; vaccinated HCW or HCW without contraindication to vaccine for dressing changes.
Vaccinia (Adverse events following vaccination)
Condition Isolation Duration of Isolation Comment
Eczema vaccinatum

Until lesions dry and crusted, scabs separated

For Contact + Standard with virus-containing lesions and exudative material.
Fetal vaccinia

Until lesions dry and crusted, scabs separated

For Contact + Standard with virus-containing lesions and exudative material.
Generalized vaccinia

Until lesions dry and crusted, scabs separated

For Contact + Standard with virus-containing lesions and exudative material.
Progressive vaccinia

Until lesions dry and crusted, scabs separated

For Contact + Standard with virus-containing lesions and exudative material.
Postvaccinia encephalitis

Until lesions dry and crusted, scabs separated
Blepharitis or conjunctivitis

Use Contact + Standard Precautions if there is copious drainage.
Iritis or keratitis
Vaccinia-associated erythema multiforme (Stevens Johnson Syndrome)

Not an infectious condition
Secondary bacterial infection (e.g., S. aureus, group A beta hemolytic Streptococcus)

Follow organism-specific (strep, staph most frequent) recommendations and consider magnitude of drainage.
Vancomycin AND Linezolid Resistant Enterococcus (LR-VRE)
Condition Isolation Duration of Isolation Comment

Duration of hospitalization and all subsequent admissions
Vancomycin Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA/VRSA)
Condition Isolation Duration of Isolation Comment

Duration of hospitalization and all subsequent admissions
Varicella (chickenpox)
Condition Isolation Duration of Isolation Comment

Until ALL lesions are crusted over

Susceptible heatlhcare personnel (HCP) should not enter room if immune HCP are available, regardless of presumptive evidence of immunity. HCP should use respiratory protection that is at least as protectibve as a fit-tested N-95 respirator upon entry into the care area.

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